Bhutan Festivals
Festivals:At
various times throughout the year, annual festivals known as tsechus
take place around the country, but there are other festivals too. Tsechus
are festivals extolling the great deeds of the Buddhist Saint, Padmasambhava,
popularly known as Guru Rinpoche in our mountain kingdom. All of Guru
Rinpoches great deeds are believed to have taken place on the 10th day
of the month, which is the meaning of the word tsechu, and all tsechus
do in fact take place/begin on 10th days. All the districts, dzongs
and a large number of villages in the east, hold annual tsechus, which
attract people from far and wide.
Tsechus are celebrated
for several days (usually between three and five, depending on where
taking place) and are the occasion for dances that are clearly defined
in religious content. They can be performed by monks, laymen or gomchens
and the repertory is more or less the same everywhere.
Certain tsechus
end with the veneration of a huge appliqué thangkha, called a
"thongdroel". The thongdroel is unveiled at dawn to bring
enlightenment to all who view it. Festival goers believe that by simply
viewing this thongdroel, they can be delivered from the cycle of birth
and rebirth, which is the ultimate aim of Buddhism.
Some tsechus also
have a "wang", a collective verbal blessing given by a high
lama. Colored threads are distributed, and people tie them around their
necks as witness to the blessing. Sometimes the wang is called "mewang"
meaning "blessing by fire" which burns away their impurities.
Atsaras are clowns
whose expressive masks and postures are an indispensable element in
any religious festival. They confront the monks, toss out salacious
jokes, and distract the crowd with their antics when the religious dances
begin to grow tedious. Believed to represent Acharyas, religious masters
of India, they are the only people permitted to mock religion in a society
where sacred matters are treated with the highest respect. For a few
days these popular entertainers are allowed the freedom to express a
formulaic challenge within an established framework that does not, however,
upset the social and religious order.
Some religious
festivals include only a few dances and consist mostly of readings from
a particular text. On these occasions, villagers assemble in a temple
and participate in the prayers while at the same time drinking strong
alcoholic beverages. Each village takes pride in its annual religious
festival, and any villagers who have gone to live in the city are expected
to come back home for it. Such villagers will themselves sponsor a large
part of the cost of mounting the festival.
For the Bhutanese,
attendance at religious festivals offers an opportunity to become immersed
in the meaning of their religion and to gain much merit. The festivals
are also occasions for seeing people, and for being seen, for social
exchanges, and for flaunting success. People bring out their finest
clothes, their most beautiful jewelry, and enjoy picnics with abundant
alcohol and meat. Men and women joke and flirt with one another. An
atmosphere of convivial, slightly ribald good humor prevails.
Festival
Etiquette:Festivals are religious events. The ground where
they are held is purified and consecrated by lamas, so when you are
watching a festival you are, in essence, on the perimeter of an outdoor
religious ground. The conduct of the onlooker should be governed with
this in mind. The dancers, whether monks or laymen, are in a state of
meditation. They transform themselves into the deities which they represent
on the dance ground. They generate a spiritual power, which cleanses,
purifies, enlightens and blesses the spectators.
With this in mind,
it should be clear that obtrusive, disrespectful or discourteous behavior
is out of place. The dance ground is not a place to eat, drink or smoke,
talk or laugh loudly at inappropriate times, flash cameras or intrude
on the dance space. Common courtesy should rule one's action when photographing
dances or onlookers.
Festivals are not
pageants or entertainment events. They are not held as tourist attractions.
They are genuine manifestations of religious traditions thousands of
years old which outsiders are given the privilege of witnessing. We
would like to see that privilege retained, without in any way impairing
or infringing on the beauty and sacredness of the ritual.
Please bear in
mind that some past actions of unthinking visitors have caused shock
and dismay to the local people. Any recurrence of such unfortunate events
may lead to future restrictions on attendance at festivals. We hope
that our tour members will always display courtesy, sensitivity and
respect to the people of Bhutan who have welcomed them to attend these
beautiful and sacred events, and will visibly demonstrate their respect
by dressing as well as their circumstances permit on such occasions.
Email
: bhutanallseasons@gmail.com
Mobile : +975-17110720/17111489
Fax: +975-2-321263
Mailing Address : Bhutan All Seasons Tours & Treks, Post Box No.625,
Thimphu, BHUTAN